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Here is how the Vitamin D is formed in the body In the skin, UV rays help metabolise 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholecalciferol, which then by 1-alpha hydroxylase, forms 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the liver and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in the kidney. The most accurate form of Vitamin D which is tested to guage vitamin D deficiency in patients, is the 25-Hydroxyvitamin D A ...
Continue readingMost frequent GI cause for hospitalization + leading cause of in hospital deaths CLASSIFICATIONSRevised Atlanta Classification- Interstitial edematous acute pancreatitis - Necrotizing acute pancreatitisAccording to Severity - Mild acute pancreatitis - no organ failure/complications - Mod pancreatitis - transient organ failure +/- local or systemic complications - Severe acute pancreatitis - persistent organ failure (> 48hrs) RISK FACTORSGallstones (most common), Alcohol, Hypertriglyceridemia, Post ERCP, Medications, Micro-organisms, Trauma, Genetic risk, Hypercalcemia
Continue readingONLINE CBT-iIN PERSON CBT-iPROSPROSAvailable anytime of the day, as long as access to phone and internetRegular visits ensures compliance and accountabilityStudies indicate, as effective as in personLess dropout / non compliance ratesLess expensive If insomnia is due to an underlying medical condition, it is identified and referred to proper specialistsCONSCONSOnly effective in self motivated individualsVery few qualified CBT-i professionals, making appointments difficultMore dropout / non compliance rateMore expensiveDoes not help, if insomnia is due to an underlying ...
Continue readingBy definition: rise in serum Cr of >0.3 mg/dl within 48 hrs or an increase of 50% serum Cr within 7 days or urine output <0.5 ml/kg/hr for > 6hrs CAUSES - Categorized intoPRERENAL - hypotension, volume depletion (vomiting, sweating, GI loses, hemorrhage, burns), renal artery stenosis, heart failure, ischemic tubular necrosisINTRARENAL - Contrast dye tubular necrosis, NSAIDs, Glumerulonephritis, Acute interstitial nephritis, vasculitis, multiple myeloma POST RENAL - BPH, pregnancy, carcinoma, calculus, clot, stricture, neurogenic ...
Continue readingBMICLASSIFICATION<18.5Underweight18.5 - 24.9Normal Range25 - 29.9Overweight 30 - 34.9Obesity35 - 39.9Obesity II>40Obesity III
Continue readingAfter the Berlin patients 10yrs ago, a second patient has experienced remission from HIV-1 in London. Both of them were treated with stem cell transplants from donors who carried a CCR5-delta 32 gene mutation that made them resistant to HIV. The recently identified patient has been off HIV medications for 18months now. Although the method administered here might not be appropriate for all patients, ...
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Continue readingCommon coldInfluenzaPneumoniaAllergiesAsthmaBronchitisGastroesophageal reflux diseasePostnasal dripWhooping coughIrritant inhalation Reference: Cough. Mayo clinic. (Assessed 4 Mar 2019)
Continue readingIt is a medical emergency, that entails compression of lumbar and sacral nerve fibers. RISK FACTORS- Cancers- IV drug use- Immunocompromised state- Trauma CLINICAL PRESENTATION- Low back pain- Sciatica / radicular pain- Lower extremity weakness or numbness- Bladder / Rectal dysfunction- On exam - lumbosacral weakness, decreased dorsiflexion, quad strength, decreased deep tendon reflexes, saddles anesthesia, decreased anal sphincter tone DIAGNOSIS- MRI is the definitive imaging study- CT myelogram ...
Continue readingIn today's day and age all of us use devices that have screens on it. In most cases, we are dependent on these devices, but how are they affecting our lives? In a large 10 year study done of about 4,500 kids, demonstrated that >2 hrs of screen time led to decreased ability of thinking and reasoningAnother study done by UCLA showed that excessive screen exposure in schools led to decreased social skills and ...
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