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A meta analysis was recently done to assess the diagnostic accuracy of POC BNP testing in patients with chronic heart failure, especially in an ambulatory setting. This was against any relevant standard of care interventions like ECHO, clinical examination or combination of both. At thresholds of >100 pg/ml the sensitivity of BNP was 0.95. At levels <100, it ranged from 0.46 to 0.97 and specificity of 0.31 to 0.98. So ...
Continue readingEsophageal carcinoma is the 6th most common cause of cancer with Barrett’s esophagus contributing to be the biggest risk factor. A randomized trial performed studied role of high-dose PPI and aspirin for improving outcomes in patients with Barrett’s esophagus. Patients with 1 cm or more of Barrett’s esophagus at 84 different centers in UK and Canada were randomized 1:1:1:1 using a computerized schedule to receive high-dose ( 40 mg ...
Continue readingGlascow Coma scale is a neurological scale which aims to give a reliable and objective way of assessing the level of consciousness of a person
Continue readingAPGAR score stands for Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration. An APGAR score of <7 at 5 mins requires repeated scoring every 5 mins for upto 20 mins to check for improvement.
Continue readingDEFINITION Any diagnosis of insomnia should have a type of daytime impairment due to inadequate sleep PREVALENCE Affects about 10% of adults chronically Affects 25-50% children and adolescents RECOMMENDED SLEEP DURATIONS BY AGE (PEDIATRICS)
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ASCITES It is the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, usually as a result of liver cirrhosis. The less common causes are carcinoma, heart failure, renal failure, pancreatitis, tuberculosis, portal hypertension, viral hepatitis, Budd Chiari syndrome and Meig's syndrome. References: 1. Ascites. Merck Manual. (Accessed 5 Aug 2018)
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BRACHYDACTYLY Is the term used for disproportionately short fingers or toes. Of all the many subtypes, Type B is very rare characterized by under-development of fingers with complete absence of fingernails with the thumb intact. Associated with ROR2 gene mutation. References: 1. Int J Case Rep Images 2014; 5(10): 723-726
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WINGING OF THE SCAPULA It is paralysis of the serratus anterior muscle due to injury to the long thoracic nerve resulting in the medial winging of the scapula. Most cases resolve spontaneously. Most factors that result in this condition are due to trauma, idiopathic or iatrogenic causes. References: 1. Current Reviews ...
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